What complication is indicated by redness, warmth, and pain at the IV site?

Redness, warmth, and pain at the IV site are classic signs of phlebitis, which is the inflammation of a vein often associated with IV catheter insertion. Inflammation can occur due to direct irritation from the IV catheter itself, a reaction to the infusing fluid or medication, or from infection.

The redness indicates increased blood flow to the area as part of the inflammatory response, warmth suggests increased metabolic activity and blood flow to the site, and pain can be a direct result of the irritation and inflammation of the vein. It’s essential for healthcare providers to recognize these signs to promptly address any complications associated with IV therapy, as untreated phlebitis can progress to more severe issues, including thrombophlebitis or even systemic infection.

While other complications like infiltration and extravasation can also be concerning, they usually present with different symptoms, such as swelling and a change in the skin’s texture or color at the site, rather than the combination of redness, warmth, and pain specifically linked with phlebitis.