Which of the following are contraindications for IV fluid therapy?

Severe heart failure or fluid overload conditions are significant contraindications for IV fluid therapy because administering fluids in such cases can exacerbate the patient’s condition. In heart failure, the heart struggles to pump blood effectively, and adding more fluid can lead to further strain on the heart, resulting in pulmonary congestion or edema. Patients with fluid overload conditions already have excess fluid in their system, and introducing more could lead to dangerous complications, such as respiratory distress or cardiac decompensation.

Recognizing these contraindications is essential for safely managing patients on IV fluid therapy and ensuring their overall wellbeing. The other options listed may require careful consideration or monitoring but do not inherently contraindicate the initiation of IV fluid therapy in the same way severe heart failure or fluid overload does.