Which type of IV fluid is primarily responsible for expanding plasma volume?

Prepare for the Maintenance of IV Fluid Therapy Test. Study with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each with hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam today!

Colloids are primarily responsible for expanding plasma volume because they contain larger molecules, such as proteins or starches, that remain in the vascular space and exert oncotic pressure. This oncotic pressure pulls water into the bloodstream from the interstitial tissues, effectively increasing the overall volume of plasma. Colloids are particularly beneficial in situations where rapid plasma volume expansion is necessary, such as in cases of hypovolemia or shock.

While crystalloids, isotonic solutions, and normal saline can also be used for fluid resuscitation, they primarily work by filling the interstitial space rather than directly increasing the plasma volume. Crystalloids are often less effective than colloids in maintaining plasma volume for extended periods because they can readily cross into extravascular spaces, diluting their effectiveness in expanding blood volume. Isotonic solutions, like normal saline, mainly maintain or replace fluid but do not provide the same oncotic pressure as colloids. Thus, colloids are specifically chosen when the goal is to significantly boost plasma volume in clinical settings.

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